
The year 2024 has proven to be a challenging one for many well-established companies, with rising inflation and changing consumer behaviors leading to a wave of bankruptcies and financial distress. As inflation continued to impact the global economy, consumers reduced their discretionary spending, forcing some businesses to make tough decisions. For many companies, this meant closing doors, cutting jobs, and filing for bankruptcy.
According to Challenger, Gray & Christmas, an outplacement services firm, more than 19 companies have collectively laid off 14,000 workers due to bankruptcies. Retail, in particular, has been hit hard. The boom in consumer spending on items like furniture, televisions, and clothing during the pandemic years of 2021 and 2022 has ended, leading to a significant number of store closures. Through November 2024, more than 7,100 retail stores had closed, a 69% increase from the previous year, according to research firm Core Sight.
While bankruptcy doesn’t always mean the end of a company, it often signals a restructuring process where businesses use Chapter 11 filings to reduce debt, close under-performing locations, and trim operations. Here are some of the most significant bankruptcies and financial struggles that made headlines in 2024.
Big Lots
Big Lots, a discount retailer, filed for bankruptcy in September after revealing serious doubts about its financial future. The company’s attempt to sell itself to a private equity firm fell through, leading to the closure of all 963 of its remaining locations. Big Lots’ downfall illustrates how even major discount retailers struggled as inflation squeezed consumers’ spending power.
Tupperware
Tupperware, the once-iconic kitchen brand known for its plastic food storage containers, filed for bankruptcy in September. Years of declining popularity and financial instability led the company to seek Chapter 11 protection. In a bid to stay afloat, Tupperware’s intellectual property and brand name were acquired by a private equity firm, which will attempt to keep the brand operational.
Party City
Party City, the retailer known for selling party supplies, filed for bankruptcy in December, marking its second such filing in less than two years. The company struggled with inflationary pressures on its products and was saddled with over $800 million in debt. As a result, it will close around 700 locations early in 2025.
Joann Fabrics
Joann Fabrics, a 81-year-old fabric and craft retailer, filed for bankruptcy in March after facing a significant drop in demand for crafting materials. In response to weakening consumer interest, Joann’s stock was delisted from the Nasdaq, and it became privately owned. Despite this, all 850 stores remain operational, and the company is focused on reducing its debt.
Spirit Airlines
Spirit Airlines, a well-known budget carrier, filed for bankruptcy in November, citing mounting losses, growing competition, and the inability to merge with other airlines. The company plans to emerge from bankruptcy with reduced debt and greater financial flexibility, aiming to compete more effectively in the cutthroat airline industry.
Red Lobster
Red Lobster, the largest seafood restaurant chain in the world, filed for bankruptcy in May after years of declining investments in marketing, food quality, and restaurant upgrades. The company closed over 100 locations but emerged from bankruptcy in September under new ownership and leadership. Red Lobster is now focused on revitalizing its menu and improving its customer experience.
True Value Hardware
In October, True Value, a hardware store brand with 75 years of history, filed for bankruptcy and sold its operations to a rival. The company faced significant financial pressures from a stagnating housing market and a shift in consumer behavior, with customers becoming more selective in their spending on home improvement products.
Other Notable Bankruptcies
Several other notable brands also filed for bankruptcy in 2024, including the at-home gym equipment maker that emerged from Chapter 11 after being acquired by a Taiwan-based company for $37.5 million, and the fashion retailer that struggled to keep up with trends and failed to excite customers.
In conclusion, 2024 has been a tough year for many household names. With inflation reducing consumer spending and changing trends reshaping the market, companies that once dominated their industries are now grappling with the harsh realities of bankruptcy. However, these bankruptcies also represent opportunities for restructuring, and some of these companies may emerge from the ashes with a renewed focus on their future survival.
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